how to stop spicy burn on hands

Capsaicin-Induced Dermal Irritation

Capsaicin and its Effects

Capsaicin, the chemical responsible for the pungency of chili peppers, binds to TRPV1 receptors in the skin's sensory neurons. This binding triggers the release of pain-signaling neurotransmitters, resulting in a burning sensation. The intensity of the sensation is directly related to the concentration of capsaicin and the individual's sensitivity.

First Aid Measures

Neutralization Techniques

  • Dairy Products: Milk, yogurt, and cheese contain casein, a protein that can bind to capsaicin, reducing its effectiveness. Apply liberally and allow to sit for several minutes before rinsing.
  • Oils: Vegetable oils (like olive or coconut) or even mayonnaise can help to dissolve and remove capsaicin from the skin's surface. Gently massage the affected area with oil and then wash thoroughly.
  • Alcohol: Isopropyl alcohol (rubbing alcohol) can help to dissolve capsaicin. Dilute with water before applying to avoid further skin irritation.

Cooling Methods

  • Cold Water: Rinse the affected area under cool (not ice-cold) running water for at least 20 minutes. This helps to slow down nerve transmission and reduce the sensation of burning.
  • Cold Compresses: Applying a cold, wet compress can provide additional relief. Change the compress frequently as it warms up.

Severity and Medical Attention

For severe reactions characterized by intense pain, blistering, or widespread irritation, seek immediate medical attention. Capsaicin exposure can cause eye irritation, respiratory problems, and other serious complications if not managed properly. Avoid touching your eyes or other sensitive areas after contact with capsaicin.

Prevention

Always wear gloves when handling chili peppers, especially when preparing spicy dishes. Thoroughly wash hands and any utensils after contact with chili peppers. Consider using protective eyewear when handling extremely spicy varieties.

Further Considerations

The effectiveness of different treatments can vary depending on individual sensitivity, capsaicin concentration, and the duration of exposure. If symptoms persist or worsen, consult a healthcare professional.